Africa’s young people are the primary vehicle for realizing the demographic dividend and the principal engine for fostering development at all levels. An African Union (AU) Assembly decision in January 2016 established the theme for 2017 as “Harnessing the Demographic Dividend Through Investments in Youth.” The Demographic Dividend in Africa Relies on Investments in the Reproductive Health and Rights of Adolescents and Youth. This document extrapolates this.